Sanjar's half-brother, Dustum Khan is claimant to the throne of the Khanate, they are both sons of the former ruler, Janakir Khan, though have different mothers. The player can overthrow him if they ally with Dustum, who claims his elder brother defied the ancient traditions of the Khergit wherein the former khan's possessions would be equally divided among his sons upon his death. Sanjar counters this by admitting such a tradition exists, but insisting that the divisions throughout history always resulted in a civil war with the strongest brother taking over anyway, so he just avoided the inevitable by taking full control immediately. He reinforces this opinion by stating that Dustum is not up to the responsibility of leading and protecting the Khanate.
It seems that Sanjar Khan is a fair ruler, for he prefers to give out towns or castles to vassals who've captured them. Moreover, he is usually willing to accept the opinions of others.
Sanjar Khan possesses the unique Khergit Guard Armor which is impossible to buy without modding or cheating.
Sanjar and his brother Dustum are the only NPCs in the game that wear the Khergit Guard Armor. Since you cannot access Sanjar's inventory, Dustum remains as the only way for the player to get it.
Sanjar Khan has a similar banner to Akadan Noyan, one of his vassals. They both have the same exact symbol, differing only in the color scheme. Since the Khergits are famous for their horse archers, though, this is likely a mere coincidence.
Sanjar Khan wears the Guard Helmet, which comes from the Swadian culture.